International
Tables for
Crystallography
Volume B
Reciprocal space
Edited by U. Shmueli

International Tables for Crystallography (2010). Vol. B, ch. 3.4, pp. 452-453   | 1 | 2 |

## Section 3.4.5. Extension of the method to a composite lattice

D. E. Williamsa

aDepartment of Chemistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40292, USA

### 3.4.5. Extension of the method to a composite lattice

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Define a general lattice sum over direct-space points which interact with pairwise coefficients , where :where the prime indicates that when the self-terms with are omitted. For convenience the terms may be divided into three groups: the first group of terms has , where j is unequal to k; the second group has d not zero and j not equal to k; and the third group had d not zero and . (A possible fourth group with and is omitted, as defined.)By expanding this expression we obtainThis expression for V has nine terms, which are numbered on the right-hand side. Term (3) can be expressed in terms of Γ rather than γ:It is seen that cancellation occurs with term (1) so thatwhich is the , j unequal to k portion of the treated direct-lattice sum. The d unequal to 0, j unequal to k portion corresponds to term (2) and the d unequal to 0, portion corresponds to term (6). The direct-lattice terms may be consolidated asNow let us combine terms (4) and (8), carrying out the h summation first:Terms (5) and (9) may be combined:The final formula is shown below. The significance of the four terms is: (1) the treated direct-lattice sum; (2) a correction for the difference resulting from the removal of the origin term in direct space; (3) the reciprocal-lattice sum, except ; and (4) the term of the reciprocal-lattice sum.